// 1 filename:cpp2011-10-3.cpp
// ver 0.1 June.15, 2014
//
// 2 original examples and/or notes:
// (c) ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG21 N3242, April 12, 2011
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2011/n3242.pdf
// > 10 Derived classes 10.3 Virtual functions
//
// 3 compile and output mechanism:
// (c) Dr. OGAWA Kiyoshi, kaizen at gifu-u.ac.jp,
//
// 4 compile errors and/or warnings:
// 4.1(c) Apple LLVM version 5.1 (clang-503.0.40) (based on LLVM 3.4svn)
// Target: x86_64-apple-darwin13.2.0,  Thread model: posix
// Command/Options: c++ -std=c++11 -stdlib=libc++ -Wall cpp2011-10-3.cpp 
// (c) LLVM 2003-2009 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

// 4.2. g++-4.9 (GCC) 4.9.0 20131229 (experimental)
// Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
// This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
// http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Standards.html
// Command/Options: g++-4.9  -std=c++11  -Wall cpp2011-10-3.cpp 
// g++-4.9: error: unrecognized command line option '-stdlib=libc++'
// Configuration:brew install gcc49
//
// 4.3. Visual Studio Express 2013, 
// (c) Microsoft http://www.visualstudio.com/
// SPEC:
// Windows 7, .NET Framework
// (c) VMware, Inc.
// VMWare fusion 6
//
// 5. Hardware:  MacBook Pro, 
//(c) Intel http://ark.intel.com/products/37006/
//Core 2 Duo 2.53GHz, 8GB, 1067MHz DDR3
//
// 6. Special Thanks: Upper organizatios and 
// ITSCJ/IPSJ http://www.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/itscj_english/index.html
// Renesas Electronics Corporation.http://www.renesas.com/
// NPO SESSAME project, http://www.sessame.jp/workinggroup/WorkingGroup3/
// Toyo Corporation, http://www.toyo.co.jp/English/
// Japan Standard Association, http://bit.ly/1lzykg1
// NPO TOPPERS project, https://www.toppers.jp/asp-d-download.html
// Daido Universcity, http://www.daido-it.ac.jp/gakubugakka/computer/index.html
// WITZ Co.Ltd., http://www.witz-inc.co.jp/products/solution/solution.html
// SevenWise.co., http://www.7ws.co.jp/index.html
// TOYOTA Motor Corporation, http://toyota.jp/
// IT planning Inc., http://www.itpl.co.jp/en/index.html
// DENSO Corporation, http://www.globaldenso.com/en/
// Aisin Seiki co. Ltd., http://www.aisin.com/
// Spancion Inc., http://www.spansion.com/
// Yazaki Corporation, http://www.yazaki-group.com/global/
// Pananosic Corporation, http://www.panasonic.net/
// SWEST: Summer Workshop on Embedded System Technologies , http://swest.toppers.jp
// CEST: Consortium for Embedded System Technology, http://www.ertl.jp/CEST/
// JUSE: Union of Japanese Scientists and Engineers, http://www.juse.or.jp/e/
// OSC:Open Source Conference, http://www.ospn.jp/

#include <iostream>
//#include <cstdlib>
//#include <string.h>
//#include <cstring>
//#include <type_traits>
//#include <cassert>
//#include <algorithm>
//#include <cmath>
//#include <complex>
//#include <cstddef>
//#include <new>
//#include <vector>

using namespace std;

struct A {
virtual void f();
};
struct B : virtual A {
virtual void f();
};
struct C : B , virtual A {
using A::f;
};
void foo() {
C c;
c.f(); // calls B::f, the final overrider
c.C::f(); // calls A::f because of the using-declaration
}
//
struct A1 { virtual void f(); };
struct B1 : A1 { };
struct C1 : A1 { void f(); };
struct D1 : B1, C1 { }; // OK: A::f and C::f are the final overriders
// for the B and C subobjects, respectively
//
struct B0 {
virtual void f();
};
struct D0 : B0 {
void f(int);
};
struct D2 : D0 {
void f();
};
//

struct B3 {
virtual void f() const final;
};
struct D3 : B3 {
//error: void f() const; // error: D::f attempts to override final B::f
};
//
struct B4 {
virtual void f();
};
struct D4 : B4 {
//error: void f(long) override; // error: wrong signature overriding B::f
void f(int) override; // OK
};
//
class B5 { };
class D5 : private B5 { friend class Derived; };
struct Base {
virtual void vf1();
virtual void vf2();
virtual void vf3();
virtual B5* vf4();
virtual B5* vf5();
void f();
};
struct No_good : public Base {
//error: D5* vf4(); // error: B (base class of D) inaccessible
};
class A5;
struct Derived : public Base {
void vf1(); // virtual and overrides Base::vf1()
void vf2(int); // not virtual, hides Base::vf2()
//error: char vf3(); // error: invalid difference in return type only
D5* vf4(); // OK: returns pointer to derived class
//error: A5* vf5(); // error: returns pointer to incomplete class
void f();
};
void g() {
Derived d;
Base* bp = &d; // standard conversion:
// Derived* to Base*
bp->vf1(); // calls Derived::vf1()
bp->vf2(); // calls Base::vf2()
bp->f(); // calls Base::f() (not virtual)
B5* p = bp->vf4(); // calls Derived::pf() and converts the
// result to B*
Derived* dp = &d;
D5* q = dp->vf4(); // calls Derived::pf() and does not
// convert the result to B*
//error: dp->vf2(); // ill-formed: argument mismatch
}
//
struct A6 {
virtual void f();
};
struct B6 : A6 { // note non-virtual derivation
void f();
};
struct B7 : A6 {
void f();
};
struct D6 : B6, B7 { // D has two separate A subobjects
};
void foo2() {
D6 d;
// A* ap = &d; // would be ill-formed: ambiguous
B6* b1p = &d;
A6* ap = b1p;
D6* dp = &d;
ap->f(); // calls D::B1::f
//error: dp->f(); // ill-formed: ambiguous
}
//
struct A9 {
virtual void f();
};
struct VB1 : virtual A9 { // note virtual derivation
void f();
};
struct VB2 : virtual A9 {
void f();
};
//error: struct Error : VB1, VB2 { // ill-formed};
struct Okay : VB1, VB2 {
void f();
};
//
struct VB1a : virtual A9 { // does not declare f
};
struct Da : VB1a, VB2 {
};
void foe() {
VB1a* vb1ap = new Da;
vb1ap->f(); // calls VB2::f
}
//
class B9 { public: virtual void f(); };
class D9 : public B9 { public: void f(); };
void D9::f() { /* ... */ B9::f(); }

int main() {
	cout << "10 Derived classes 10.3 Virtual functions" << std::endl;
	return 0;
}
// 1 error
// 1.1 llvm: c++ -std=c++11 -stdlib=libc++  -Wall cpp2011-10-3.cpp 
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:99:6: warning: 'D0::f' hides overloaded virtual function [-Woverloaded-virtual]
void f(int);
     ^
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:96:14: note: hidden overloaded virtual function 'B0::f' declared here: different number of parameters (0 vs 1)
virtual void f();
             ^
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:118:13: error: non-virtual member function marked 'override' hides virtual member function
void f(int) override; // OK
            ^
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:114:14: note: hidden overloaded virtual function 'B4::f' declared here: different number of parameters (0 vs 1)
virtual void f();
             ^
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:135:1: warning: 'Derived' defined as a struct here but previously declared as a class [-Wmismatched-tags]
struct Derived : public Base {
^
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:122:32: note: did you mean struct here?
class D5 : private B5 { friend class Derived; };
                               ^~~~~
                               struct
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:137:6: warning: 'Derived::vf2' hides overloaded virtual function [-Woverloaded-virtual]
void vf2(int); // not virtual, hides Base::vf2()
     ^
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:125:14: note: hidden overloaded virtual function 'Base::vf2' declared here: different number of parameters (0 vs 1)
virtual void vf2();
             ^
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:155:5: error: too few arguments to function call, expected 1, have 0; did you mean 'Base::vf2'?
dp->vf2(); // ill-formed: argument mismatch
~~~~^~~
    Base::vf2
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:125:14: note: 'Base::vf2' declared here
virtual void vf2();
             ^
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:174:5: warning: unused variable 'dp' [-Wunused-variable]
D6* dp = &d;
    ^
>4 warnings and 2 errors generated.
// 1.2 gcc:  g++-4.9 -std=c++11 -Wall cpp2011-10-3.cpp 
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:118:6: error: 'void D4::f(int)' marked override, but does not override
 void f(int) override; // OK
      ^
cpp2011-10-3.cpp: In function 'void g()':
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:155:9: error: no matching function for call to 'Derived::vf2()'
 dp->vf2(); // ill-formed: argument mismatch
         ^
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:155:9: note: candidate is:
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:137:6: note: void Derived::vf2(int)
 void vf2(int); // not virtual, hides Base::vf2()
      ^
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:137:6: note:   candidate expects 1 argument, 0 provided
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:150:5: warning: unused variable 'p' [-Wunused-variable]
 B5* p = bp->vf4(); // calls Derived::pf() and converts the
     ^
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:153:5: warning: unused variable 'q' [-Wunused-variable]
 D5* q = dp->vf4(); // calls Derived::pf() and does not
     ^
cpp2011-10-3.cpp: In function 'void foo2()':
cpp2011-10-3.cpp:174:5: warning: unused variable 'dp' [-Wunused-variable]
 D6* dp = &d;
     ^