// 1 filename:cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp
// ver 0.1 June.13, 2014
//
// 2 original examples and/or notes:
// (c) ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG21 N3242, April 12, 2011
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2011/n3242.pdf
// > 8 Declarators 8.3 Meaning of declarators 8.3.6 Default arguments
//
// 3 compile and output mechanism:
// (c) Dr. OGAWA Kiyoshi, kaizen at gifu-u.ac.jp,
//
// 4 compile errors and/or warnings:
// 4.1(c) Apple LLVM version 5.1 (clang-503.0.40) (based on LLVM 3.4svn)
// Target: x86_64-apple-darwin13.2.0,  Thread model: posix
// Command/Options: c++ -std=c++11 -stdlib=libc++ -Wall cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp 
// (c) LLVM 2003-2009 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

// 4.2. g++-4.9 (GCC) 4.9.0 20131229 (experimental)
// Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
// This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
// http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Standards.html
// Command/Options: g++-4.9  -std=c++11  -Wall cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp 
// g++-4.9: error: unrecognized command line option '-stdlib=libc++'
// Configuration:brew install gcc49
//
// 4.3. Visual Studio Express 2013, 
// (c) Microsoft http://www.visualstudio.com/
// SPEC:
// Windows 7, .NET Framework
// (c) VMware, Inc.
// VMWare fusion 6
//
// 5. Hardware:  MacBook Pro, 
//(c) Intel http://ark.intel.com/products/37006/
//Core 2 Duo 2.53GHz, 8GB, 1067MHz DDR3
//
// 6. Special Thanks: Upper organizatios and 
// ITSCJ/IPSJ http://www.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/itscj_english/index.html
// Renesas Electronics Corporation.http://www.renesas.com/
// NPO SESSAME project, http://www.sessame.jp/workinggroup/WorkingGroup3/
// Toyo Corporation, http://www.toyo.co.jp/English/
// Japan Standard Association, http://bit.ly/1lzykg1
// NPO TOPPERS project, https://www.toppers.jp/asp-d-download.html
// Daido Universcity, http://www.daido-it.ac.jp/gakubugakka/computer/index.html
// WITZ Co.Ltd., http://www.witz-inc.co.jp/products/solution/solution.html
// SevenWise.co., http://www.7ws.co.jp/index.html
// TOYOTA Motor Corporation, http://toyota.jp/
// IT planning Inc., http://www.itpl.co.jp/en/index.html
// DENSO Corporation, http://www.globaldenso.com/en/
// Aisin Seiki co. Ltd., http://www.aisin.com/
// Spancion Inc., http://www.spansion.com/
// Yazaki Corporation, http://www.yazaki-group.com/global/
// Pananosic Corporation, http://www.panasonic.net/
// SWEST: Summer Workshop on Embedded System Technologies , http://swest.toppers.jp
// CEST: Consortium for Embedded System Technology, http://www.ertl.jp/CEST/
// JUSE: Union of Japanese Scientists and Engineers, http://www.juse.or.jp/e/
// OSC:Open Source Conference, http://www.ospn.jp/

#include <iostream>
//#include <cstdlib>
//#include <string.h>
//#include <cstring>
//#include <type_traits>
//#include <cassert>
//#include <algorithm>
//#include <cmath>
//#include <complex>
//#include <cstddef>
//#include <new>

using namespace std;

void point(int = 3, int = 4);

//
void g(int = 0, ...); // OK, ellipsis is not a parameter so it can follow
// a parameter with a default argument
void f(int, int);
void f(int, int = 7);
void h() {
f(3); // OK, calls f(3, 7)
	//error: void f(int = 1, int); // error: does not use default
// from surrounding scope
}
void m() {
void f(int, int); // has no defaults
	//error: f(4); // error: wrong number of arguments
void f(int, int = 5); // OK
f(4); // OK, calls f(4, 5);
	//error: void f(int, int = 5); // error: cannot redefine, even to
// same value
}
void n() {
f(6); // OK, calls f(6, 7)
}
//
int a = 1;
int f(int);
int g(int x = f(a)); // default argument: f(::a)
void h2() {
a = 2;
{
int a = 3;
g(); // g(f(::a))
}
}
//
class C {
void f(int i = 3);
void g(int i, int j = 99);
};
//error: void C::f(int i = 3) { // error: default argument already
//} // specified in class scope
void C::g(int i = 88, int j) { // in this translation unit,
} // C::g can be called with no argument
//
void f() {
int i;
	//error: extern void g(int x = i); //error
// ...
}
//
class A {
	//error: void f(A* p = this) { } // error
};
//
int a2;
//error: int f(int a, int b = a); // error: parameter a
// used as default argument
typedef int I;
//error: int g(float I, int b = I(2)); // error: parameter I found
//error: int h(int a, int b = sizeof(a)); // error, parameter a used
// in default argument
//
int b;
class X {
int a;
	//error: int mem1(int i = a); // error: non-static member a
// used as default argument
int mem2(int i = b); // OK; use X::b
static int b;
};
//
	int f(int = 0);
void h3() {
int j = f(1);
int k = f(); // OK, means f(0)
}
int (*p1)(int) = &f;
//error: int (*p2)() = &f; // error: type mismatch
//
struct A2 {
virtual void f(int a = 7);
};
struct B : public A2 {
void f(int a);
};
void m2() {
B* pb = new B;
A2* pa = pb;
pa->f(); // OK, calls pa->B::f(7)
	//error: pb->f(); // error: wrong number of arguments for B::f()
}

	
int main() {
	//
point(1,2); point(1); point();
	cout << a2 << std::endl;
	cout << "8 Declarators 8.3 Meaning of declarators 8.3.6 Default arguments" << std::endl;
	return 0;
}
// 1 error:
// 1.1 llvm:c++ -std=c++11 -stdlib=libc++  -Wall cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp 
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:99:15: error: call to 'f' is ambiguous
int g(int x = f(a)); // default argument: f(::a)
              ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:79:6: note: candidate function
void f(int, int = 7);
     ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:98:5: note: candidate function
int f(int);
    ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:103:5: warning: unused variable 'a' [-Wunused-variable]
int a = 3;
    ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:118:5: warning: unused variable 'i' [-Wunused-variable]
int i;
    ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:146:9: error: call to 'f' is ambiguous
int j = f(1);
        ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:79:6: note: candidate function
void f(int, int = 7);
     ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:144:6: note: candidate function
        int f(int = 0);
            ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:147:9: error: call to 'f' is ambiguous
int k = f(); // OK, means f(0)
        ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:117:6: note: candidate function
void f() {
     ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:144:6: note: candidate function
        int f(int = 0);
            ^
> 2 warnings and 3 errors generated.
// 1.2 gcc: g++-4.9 -std=c++11 -Wall cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp 
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:99:18: error: call of overloaded 'f(int&)' is ambiguous
 int g(int x = f(a)); // default argument: f(::a)
                  ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:99:18: note: candidates are:
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:79:6: note: void f(int, int)
 void f(int, int = 7);
      ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:98:5: note: int f(int)
 int f(int);
     ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp: In function 'void h2()':
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:104:3: error: call of overloaded 'g()' is ambiguous
 g(); // g(f(::a))
   ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:104:3: note: candidates are:
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:76:6: note: void g(int, ...)
 void g(int = 0, ...); // OK, ellipsis is not a parameter so it can follow
      ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:99:5: note: int g(int)
 int g(int x = f(a)); // default argument: f(::a)
     ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:103:5: warning: unused variable 'a' [-Wunused-variable]
 int a = 3;
     ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp: In function 'void f()':
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:118:5: warning: unused variable 'i' [-Wunused-variable]
 int i;
     ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp: In function 'void h3()':
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:146:12: error: call of overloaded 'f(int)' is ambiguous
 int j = f(1);
            ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:146:12: note: candidates are:
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:79:6: note: void f(int, int)
 void f(int, int = 7);
      ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:144:6: note: int f(int)
  int f(int = 0);
      ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:147:11: error: call of overloaded 'f()' is ambiguous
 int k = f(); // OK, means f(0)
           ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:147:11: note: candidates are:
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:144:6: note: int f(int)
  int f(int = 0);
      ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:117:6: note: void f()
 void f() {
      ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:146:5: warning: unused variable 'j' [-Wunused-variable]
 int j = f(1);
     ^
cpp2011-8-3-6.cpp:147:5: warning: unused variable 'k' [-Wunused-variable]
 int k = f(); // OK, means f(0)
     ^