; TeX output 1990.05.30:0640x Ǎ"V cmbx10T9ypQesettingU>ModernGreekwith 128U>CharacterCoQdesv9ersionU>1.1K`y cmr10Y*annisU>HaralambGousandKlausThullL͍ cmssqi8\VedUVdettevret, L͍n,8GarUVdetregner,s,8GaUVsnrdet"L͍G|UVFrydisFroskInxeuropGeanscriptswherediacriticalmarksare common,nthere6Jare(atleast)two6JreasonstoavoidTU>VExX cy's accentmechanisminfavorofmanyaccentedcharacters.OneK)isthepGossiblemisplacementofaccentsbyVExX cy'sligaturemechanism.Accordingly*,PtheUQgreekfontscreatedbySilvioLevy^ٓRcmr71 pͫhaveZ256characterseach,andarea netoGoltotypesetgreektexts,ancientaswellasmoGdern,except,[thosecontainingthemostrecentuniqueWaccent\=p mrgrrg10'"(seebGelow). Butalas,Vthereisthecommercialworld,Hwhosedevicedriversjustcannotdo256-coGdefonts(even.pxl-fontswereseenon~the\Big-T*ech"salesexhibitioninWestBerlinlastwinter).ThefreedriversareinbGettershapegenerally*,but?oftenthecommercialonescannotbGedispGosedofinahurry*. =dSowedecidedtoreducetheseAfontsto128characters.AkW*ekeptonlytheonesstrictlyRnecessaryforwritingmoGderngreekwithoutmisusingm the\accentprimitive.Atm thesametime,weconstructedsomenewfonts,%whichwedescribGebGelow.TheU>ReducedGreekF on9tsInjmoGdernpost-wargreek,Itheuseofthegraveaccent5u\"(8Q0 rgrrg10barea)progressivelyfaded,~sothatonlytwoaccentsandthebreathingswereleft(thiswasthekindofgreekthe rstauthorlearnedatschoGol). So the rstreductionwedidonLevy'sfonts>iwastoomitallgraveaccents. -Secondly*,wemadesafreecharacteragain,EsothatinthetransliterationConehastotypGesfors,andcforc.Thirdly*,iweewomittedtheiotasubscribGedletters..Allthese,1however,can(stillbGeaccessedbymacrosifsowished.^TUGbGoat,UUV*olume0(2001),No.0!p0J cmsl10preliminarydraft,30May19906:40w[1001Let's recallnowtheproGcedure,;mostofwhich isWduetoLevy: totypGesetgreek,yougetinto\Greekn:moGde"bytyping\begingreek.vSimilarly*,yourgetoutbytyping\endgreek,N9butifyouhavetodothisoften,itisbGettertotype\greekdelimsat}thebGeginningofyour le.2Inthatcase$isusedtoenterandleavegreekmoGde,and\mathtakestheformer!meaningof$(donotforgettotypGe\ !", cmsy10n ").TheUUtransliterationcoGdeisthefollowing:>̍qa a̍ b b̍g g̍#d d̍!|re  e̍)#z (z̍1h 0h̍9j 8j̍Bsi @i̍Hqk Hk̍Ql Pl̍Xm Xm̍a#n `n̍i#x hx̍pqo po̍xrp xp̍#r r̍s s̍Gc c̍Ct t̍u u̍Uf f̍q q̍Uy y̍*w wT*ogetanacute(`xea),orcircum ex(perispwm$qnh)accentyoutypGe'(singlequote),.or~(tilde)resp.inofrontofthevowel.T*ogetarough(dasea)orsmoGoth(yil )breathingyoutypGe,'resp.,infront0ofthevowelortheaccent,\ifthereisone.Adiaeresis(dialUTutik)isrepresentedby"(doublequote),andIforadiaeresiswithacuteaccent,justtypGeo"'(doublequote,jsinglequote).C%T*ogetavowelwithaiotasubscript(pogegramm$qnh)youhavetouseUUthemacro\I{...}.Ifryouneedoneoftheomittedaccentsorcombinationofaccents,\youcangetitbyamacro:forUUexample#eU>by\grave{e},##aU>by\breve{a},#hU>by\macron{h},㍞#iU>by\roughgrave{i},##oU>by\smoothgrave{o},V#wU>by\diaeresisgrave{w},#uU>by\diaeresiscircumflex{u},U>by\rhorough,and U>by\rhosmooth.Finally*,youXhaveaccesstothefollowingpunc-tuationUUmarks:&r. $.5r, 3,Dr; B;Sr: Q:br! `!qr? o?V |@''j{ @((j} @))as@1wellasthetendigits,zparentheses,hyphen,en-dash,ӊslash,pGercentsign,asterisk,plusandequalsigns.SomeU>NewF on9tsT*owritemathematicsingreekonealsoneedsslantediletters(forstatementsoftheorems,.accord-ingxtoamspptstyle)andsmallcapitalletters(fortitlesSandreferences).IW*ehaveSconstructedthesefonts,in'thesamereducedway*,sothat,togetherwith=thereducedLevyfonts,7we=obtainacompletefamilyBofgreekfonts,namelyregular,bGoldface,slanted,oVandj#smallcaps.1W*ehavecalledthesefontsrgrrg,Brgrbf,rgrsl,rgrsc.InsideFofgreekmoGdepreliminaryUUdraft,30May19906:40preliminarydraft,30May19906:40*youVjustwrite\bf,7\sl,\smcV׫asusualand\rg (insteadUUof\rm)togettheregulargreefont.Here\nisanexampleofanallegedmathematicaltext,UUcompletewithtranslation:1.1.4.ZJewrhma.9Q0 rgrsl10GikjejetikCk$raio b> cmmi10n,pr-qeci^matridam mhdeqniknkerawn(x;y[;zp),t$toiaV@*wsteR"x 0ercmmi7n^+8y[ٟno=zpn:ApodeixhKtou1.1.4.nGin=2,MftqneciKnproumex{$=3;y=4;z뻫=5. O|Gin>2,\`f noqumet npCdecixhUUstCqnnagnsthsnskhsh.q:! rgrbf10[.&.d.+- cmcsc101.1.4.Theorem.F*orjeachpGositiveintegern,thereexistsIatripleofnon-zerointegers(x;y[;zp)IsuchthatR"xn^+8y[ٟno=zpn:Proofeof1.1.4.F*orn¼=2,Mwe ndx=3;y=4;z =v5.BF*orӱn>2,3theproGoflefttothereaderasanUUexercise.qq.e.d.F on9tsU>forone-accentgreekSome%yearsafterthere-establishmentofdemoGcracyinGreecein1974,%anewsystemofaccentuationhasbGeen.introduced,1omittingcompletelybreathingsandLsubscriptiota,NandsimplifyingthetwoLremain-ingNaccentsintoone\universalaccent," '6(toqnikCshcmeo).1ThissystemiscurrentlytaughtatschoGolanditseemsthatanyocialdoGcument(includingwrittenmexaminationsinsomehighschoGols)writtenin5theoldfashionmulti-accent5systemisconsideredinvqalidUU(!).SowethoughtthatpGerhapspeoplewouldliketo'writeintheoldsystemandhave'afonttoprintRthesametextinfullyocialone-accentgreek.W*evcreatedfontsanalogoustothereducedregular,bGoldface,jandQeslantedwhichwehavedenotedbythepre x\m"(formoqnotonikC):tmrgrrg,7/mrgrbf,mrgrsl.+Note!thatthesmallcapitalsfontrgrscdoGesn't#haveanyaccentsatall,-andsomaybGeusedinUUanyaccentsystem.These[newfontsaredesignedtoworkwiththeϣsameinputastheoldaccentsystem. TheprintedEtextwillfollowthecurrentgrammar^2 .(atleast/concerningtheaccent),bwithoneexception:monosyllablesU(likearticles,,UprepGositionsandotherauxiliaryAwords)don'ttakeanyaccentatall.T*osolvehthisproblemweareworkingataPascalwordproGcessorprogram,basedonF*redM.Liang'spackedtriedevice,whichwill,oncegiventhelistoftheaccentedmonosyllables,recognizethem,andreplacethembynon-accentedwords.TiAccordingtothejpdictionaryofH.Mihiotis^3|s,thereare284such^1002w[preliminaryUUdraft,30May19906:40TUGbGoat,V*olume0(2001),No.0words,towhichweustaddmanynewandforeign words.Ofcourse,youcanwriteyourtextinone-accent$greekrightaway(unfortunatelythereisno\magic"macrototransformitbackintomulti-accentgreek:::).'Withthesenewfontsyouwillget5anicesymmetric\universal"accentinsteadofanUUacuteoracircum ex.T*owriteinone-accentgreekyougetinto\Greekone-accentmoGde",bytyping\beginmgreek.Ifܥyouareingreekmulti-accentmoGdealready*,zyoumustusethemacro\monotoniko.X?Thereisalsotheconversemacro\polutoniko. jSoifyouwanttoobtainǍ_OUUHrklecitoc$lege{t##apqntae}GreekNumeralSym9bQolsTheso-calledIonian^4systemofnumeration( fthcenturyUUbc)consistedofthefollowingnumerals:#A %12UB 42B`G C3PUUD R4`E a5omanyways.Oneofthemwastouse10,000asFabase: thus,forexample,67,536,753(Br=6753810;000+6753)UUwaswrittenM&]yng&]yng.Exercise: J~Ify-gqwnomeans\-gon",whichofthefollowingpGolygonscanbyconstructedbyruleandcompasses?,iz$-gqwno,UUl]$-gwno,&dtxj-gwno,c&akd-gqwno,UUMe$&eflz-gwno,^[]$-gwno.Let's\rreturnnowtoTU>VExX cy:youcanobtainthesesymbGols*bythefollowingmacros:r\digammafor],\vardigammaҫfor,T1\Digammafor,\qoppafor[,w\Qoppa=forC,\sanpifor^,and\Sanpifor_.8T*o]%getthetickmarkswhichdistinguishunitsandthousands,Tyoucanuse\overstrokeafterthenumeral,UUor\understrokeinfrontofthenumeral.Sym9bQolsU>forcyprioticgreekTheociallanguageofCyprusisgreek. ZItisalsoRthelanguageusedinthemass-mediaandatschoGol. #But;?thelanguageactuallyspokenisadialect,SderivedXfrombyzantinegreek(andasitseems, mcyr10xaxka"inrussian),sܟz,%sZstandfor\j"(like\jazz"inenglishor\dqungli"inrussian),.*y, TcsY+standforayfollowed+byaA#s(like\pxenitza"in&russian)andx,sBXstandforakfollowed&byal #s (likeUUinhindi\ks!ƍT.etriya").Y*oucangetthesesymbGolsbythemacros\ssh,\SSH,|\dz,\DZ,\psh,\PSH,\ksh,\KSH.HereisanexampleUUofasmalltextusingthesesymbGols:7Q0 rgrrg10DkilexectocxerCrotsofuc,dentrCnmou,nrizseYic, nfeYict nzwollfansou,pott$s]njsterkseYic.T1zi&fnkanep]nxerokagict1zi&n&seYistxhnqmanssiepastonorzecsofu,plast kant1zillkCma.Ospalfajki$ct1zaobati$cpsinns$tulxoun, pkisafnsepotCnlaimCn,sfggounsens$pnxoun.T1zifnpp$seYimista1xinerCn, nnt npnnounlloit1zi fnnskent1z$reYict1zeiaqamfa,nanxerodroumplin.^EjjaxfortseYicnssiastecpott$to lioummti,^TUGbGoat,UUV*olume0(2001),No.0preliminarydraft,30May19906:40w[1003giat fnns$qaskizousinospalajki$ct1ziobtoi. T1zi sonh,kakforzikon, nndoulekeYicgrCnouct1zanguYrekeicpospasifnpotockakocgeYitCnouc.T1ziokCpoiectfnjjeman.Mgkoumoum$nprokmeYic:::t1zi sonhtCqa#irinmofu,ftwqCnmou,&nnakmeYic. TүFZromIliasGeorgiou's\Geloklaman"OnU>h9yphenationThereisstillnogreekhyphenationlist,'soonehastousehyphenationfromotherlanguages.!&W*ehavecompared#onanordinarytext,-)thestandardenglish(Liang),)Jthe2german(Schwarz)2andpGortuguese(Rezende)^6hyphenationd patterns.Theresultsweresurprising:}onu267pGossiblehyphens,thesethreepatterns:missed199(!!),141and149resp,found46,n115,111Ŵcorrectonesand22,n11,7Ŵbadones(thepGortuguese^mistakeswerelessembarrassingthanthegermanLWones).VSo,foratempGorarysubstitute,wewould,choGoseeitherthegermanortheportuguesepatterns.AndMRsinceyouwillbGeforcedtomakecorrectionsbyhand,herearethecompleteactualrulesofgreekhyphenation:LetBc1|s;c2;:::;cn gbGeBconsonants(n}2)Bandv1|s;v2;v3;v4vowels.qThenUUwehaveRUulee1.Themcombinationv1|sc1v2 yismseparatedasv1S8c1|sv2ȫ(ex.qpa-ra-ka-l)RUuleC2.Thecombinationv1|sc1':::|jcnq~v2Tisseparatedasڱv1 c1':::|jcnq~v2OMifthereisagreekwordstartingwithKͱc1|sc2@(l-sph,kqo-fte-rCc),elsev1c1G%Աc2':::|jcnq~v2(jr-roc,UU q-jrCc)RUuleL3.Thecombinationsofvowelsv1|sv2;v1v2v3orbձv1|sv2v3v4HarenottobGeseparatediftheyarepro-nouncedasonephoneme(h-dC-nibut- t-th-toc,piCUUbutp-o).S.C Levymadeinhisfontsseparatecharactersof^&allpGossibleaccentedletters,`ZtopreventproblemsofVExXdoGesn'tyethyphenatewordswithaccents).aTheonlyexceptionshemade,#werethe~twocombinations ,u8whichoGccuronlyonmonosyllables.In[zourcase,tobGeabletoreducethefonts,weawereforcedtomakeaccentsalsoof\,@,",#,,| (andgmacrosof,,,,,,,,, gasalready5mentioned).hThisofcourseaddsproblemsto)hyphenation.mBNevertheless,\,@oGccuronone-andԓ2-syllablewordsonly*,4b",#ԓoGccurrarelyandT|depGendsonthekindoflanguageoneiswriting(to nd it,zyouhavetogobacktoolderversionsofkajareoqusa>EnT| ?sp$raqnPtin##a xantl sact##amucrolCgitou kqoimto1_Froum$ntioc p㍞#it cmmout cparalac,katab##ac" xocraqnn_pCstoloc kenoctnSaxC-nwn- noixedi##amqaqaract##ast jhtokoimwm$nou,es gageto#ucero#ucdaktlqouctouect#hn`p#hnka㍞#i xqagV#wnt#hnkardan bjisenat neclkkonpl crhdatoc,3[perfgaseqnprohgoum$nwc.AUTgnon[tie\risaikal##aqnogecicmhqanikct##ostCcma,znaplUThrs|hcect##onm pikatratoqnb qat##onsun jhfCron. >All##apCshnasjqnesaiqarn,}m#hecrskwnect##onl-ruqggat##o`qlUThcr##onjhroqn!Otwma noixeka㍞#i_Froqum$ntioc to#uc`fjalmoc,toimsjhn##aprosf$-r|hect#hnqristoqn>Iwnnant#hnsun jhdakrwnspond n,6ll##a par##apsaqnprosdokano`fjalmotoquer$jhsanxhcro㍞#ika㍞#in##aprogeumats|hmllon#hn##aN3klqas|h|N4sjneto]rexinmet##apolUTu cmeronnhste-aqnUU_kal##ocBenedektnoc.}FZromEmmanouilRo#dis'\ThePop7essJohanna(1866)"Note,\thatinone-accentgreek,allaccentedletters "arerepresentedbyseparatecharactersinthecoGdeUUtable,sothatnohyphenationproblemarises.Samples,U>T ables,andRemarksTheU>fon9trgrrg10KqajCtanmprostthckat nkttaze.]/NoijontacmiTLp$raqntheqarsthshnt nbl$peci&tsimprosttoquikanap$rantonikanopohtopod$nmporo-sent ntrab xecist ngkalqitoukant nfi-l seci# kestCqnlaimCpot ne\riqefil secit nmaka monadik forkae\riqenoisecim$satoqut npiC]cmorfhstigm tokalqokairioki[titCkalokariatC,Alld$qne\riqekCmqaperseitelewc,giat kenhebriskCtaqntramprosttou.Kad$nmpo-roseUUnkqnecitpota.TheU>fon9trgrbf10K}ajCtanmprostthckat nkttaze.,Noi-jontac]mip$ra}ntheqarsthshnt nbl$pemi&tsi8mprostto}ukanap$rantonikanopoh-topod$}nmporosent ntrab xemist ngka-l}i˗toukant nfil semi kestCnlaimCpot nme\iqefil semit nmakamonadik forka^1004w[preliminaryUUdraft,30May19906:40TUGbGoat,V*olume0(2001),No.0qVforfontsrgrrg,rgrbf,rgrsl䍍*ff$': cmti100(ff.W׫1=ffC2RApffW[3g2ffl4{ffV߫5ff6@xffc7:fffff a00x!*ff)>5ff=qJffRq3_Apffg0t2ff{ffyffp;@xffS:ffffffsOLͫ}0xa01x!*ff)>5ff= JffR _ApffgT t2ff|F ff fft@xff~6:ffffa02x!*ff(?5ff<JffQl_Apffhpt2ff}0ff{ff=@xffo:fffffsOLͫ}1xa03x!*ff*15ff=JffR_ApffgTt2ff|Fff^ff@xff:ffffa04x!*ff) 5ff>r!JffR"_ApffgT#t2ff|$ff)]%ff<&@xffS':fffffsOLͫ}2xa05x!*ff)w(5ff>c9)JffR*_Apffe+t2ff}0,ff^-ff<.@xffS/:ffffa06x!*ff)>05ff=1JffR2_ApffgT3t2ff|F4ff5ff6@xffS7:fffffsOLͫ}3xa07x!*ff)>85ff=9JffS4:_Apffhp;t2ff|F<ffpy=ff>@xffo?:ffffa10x!*ff)>@5ff<AJffQB_Apffg0Ct2ffziDffEffwXF@xffG:fffffsOLͫ}4xa11x!*ff'>H5ff>IJffQ13J_ApffeKt2ff{cLffMffSN@xffO:ffffa12x!*ff'>P5ff<QJffQR_Apfff8St2ffzTffUffV@xff7W:fffffsOLͫ}5xa13x!*ff(?X5ffh5ff>siJffRj_Apffg0kt2ff|Flff{$mffXn@xff/o:ffffa16x!*ff)p5ff=qJffRPr_Apfffst2ff|Wtffuffv@xff~6w:fffffsOLͫ}7xa17x!*ff)8x5ff=jUyJffRPz_Apffg.{t2ff|F|ff>}ff~@xff:ffff !*ff&u?}85ff;5}9JffOë}A_Apffd}Bt2ffytG}Cff4 }Dff˫}E@xff}F:ffe\iqenoisemim$sato}ut npiC]morfhstigm tokal}okairioki[titCkalokariatC,ft-nontacstCpok}orfwmtou, e\iqekiClacpe-rsemi.>AllYd$}ne\iqekCm}aperseitelewc,giat^ kenhbriskCta}ntramprosttou.Kad$}nmporosenknemitpota.TheU>fon9trgrsl10KqajCtanmprostthckat nkttaze.]/NoijontacmiTLp$raqntheqarsthshnt nbl$peci&tsimprosttoquikanap$rantonikanopohtopod$nmporo-sent ntrab xecist ngkalqitoukant nfi-l seci# kestCqnlaimCpot ne\riqefil secit nmaka monadik forkae\riqenoisecim$satoqut npiC]cmorfhstigm tokalqokairioki[titCkalokariatC,Alld$qne\riqekCmqaperseitelewc,giat kenhebriskCtaqntramprosttou.Kad$nmpo-roseUUnkqnecitpota.TheU>fon9tmrgrrg10KqajCtanmprostthckaithnkttaze.]/NoijontacmiaTLp$raqntheqarsthshnathnbl$peci&tsimprosttoqu)kainap$rantonikanopohtopoudenmporo-senathntrab xecisthngkalqitoukainathnfi-l seci. kestoqnlaimCpouthne\riqefil secithnmakai monadik forkaie\riqenoisecim$satoquthnpio]cmorfhstigm toqukalokairioki[titokalokariatC,Alldeqne\riqekCmqaperseitelewc,giat kenhebriskCtaqntramprosttou.Kaidenmpo-roseUUnakqnecitpota.TheU>fon9tmrgrbf10? mrgrbf10K}ajCtanmprostthckaithnkttaze.,Noi-jontac]miap$ra}ntheqarsthshnathnbl$pemi&tsi8mprostto}ukainap$rantonikanopoh-topo}udenmporosenathntrab xemisthngka-l}itoukainathnfil semi kestonlaimCpouthnme\iqefil semithnmakaimonadik forkaie\iqenoisemim$sato}uthnpio]morfhstigm to}ukalokairioki[titokalokariatC,ft-nontacstopok}orfwmtou,(_e\iqekiClacper-semi.>All?de}ne\iqekCm}aperseitelewc,Tgiat kenhdbriskCta}ntramprosttou. #Kaidenmporosenak}nemitpota.TheU>fon9tmrgrsl10>p mrgrsl10KqajCtanmprostthckaithnkttaze.]/NoijontacmiaTLp$raqntheqarsthshnathnbl$peci&tsimprosttoqu)kainap$rantonikanopohtopoudenmporo-senathntrab xecisthngkalqitoukainathnfi-l seci. kestoqnlaimCpouthne\riqefil secithnmakai monadik forkaie\riqenoisecim$satoquthnpio]cmorfhstigm toqukalokairioki[titokalokariatC,Alldeqne\riqekCmqaperseitelewc,giat.V\LayoutU>forfontsmrgrrg,mrgrbf,mrgrsl䍍!*ff&05ff;W׫1JffP2_Apffd[3t2ffy4ffV߫5ff6@xffc7:fffff a00x!*ff)>5ff=qJffRq3_Apffg0t2ff{ffyffp;@xffS:ffffffsOLͫ}0xa01x!*ff)>5ff= JffR _ApffgT t2ff|F ff fft@xff~6:ffffa02x!*ff(?5ff<JffQl_Apffhpt2ff}0ff{ff=@xffo:fffffsOLͫ}1xa03x!*ff*15ff=JffR_ApffgTt2ff|Fff^ff@xff:ffffa04x!*ff) 5ff>r!JffR"_ApffgT#t2ff|$ff)]%ff<&@xffS':fffffsOLͫ}2xa05x!*ff)w(5ff>c9)JffR*_Apffe+t2ff}0,ff^-ff<.@xffS/:ffffa06x!*ff)>05ff=1JffR2_ApffgT3t2ff|F4ff5ff6@xffS7:fffffsOLͫ}3xa07x!*ff)>85ff=9JffS4:_Apffhp;t2ff~*<ffpy=ff >@xffo?:ffffa10x!*ff)>@5ff<AJffQB_Apffg0Ct2ffziDffEffwXF@xffG:fffffsOLͫ}4xa11x!*ff'>H5ff>IJffQ13J_ApffeKt2ff{cLffMffSN@xffO:ffffa12x!*ff'>P5ff<QJffQR_Apfff8St2ffzTffUffV@xff7W:fffffsOLͫ}5xa13x!*ff(?X5ffh5ff>siJffRj_Apffg0kt2ff|Flff{$mffXn@xff/o:ffffa16x!*ff)p5ff=qJffRPr_Apfffst2ff|Wtffuffv@xff~6w:fffffsOLͫ}7xa17x!*ff)8x5ff=jUyJffRPz_Apffg.{t2ff~*|ff>}ff~@xff:ffff !*ff&u?}85ff;5}9JffOë}A_Apffd}Bt2ffytG}Cff4 }Dff˫}E@xff}F:ff^TUGbGoat,UUV*olume0(2001),No.0preliminarydraft,30May19906:40w[1005O3LayoutU>forfontrgrsc䍍*ff0(ff.W׫1=ffC2RApffW[3g2ffl4{ffV߫5ff6@xffc7:fffff a00x!*ff)>5ff=JffR_ApffgTt2ff|Fffff@xffS:ffffffsOLͫ}0xa01x!*ff)85ff= JffRP _Apffgx t2ff|f ff& fft@xffN6:ffffa02x!*ff)\[5ff=qJffR_Apffft2ff|wff9aff@xff^6:fffffsOLͫ}1xa03x!*ff'?5ff=8JffR15_Apfff0t2ff{>ff^ffv@xff~8:ffffa04x!*ff(x 5ff>r!JffR"_Apfft2ff}0$ff)]%ff<&@xff:fffffsOLͫ}2xa05x!*ff)w(5ff>c9)JffR*_Apffe+t2ff}0,ff^-ff<.@xffS/:ffffa06x!*ff)>05ff=1JffR2_ApffgT3t2ff|F4ff5ff6@xffS7:fffffsOLͫ}3xa07x!*ff)>85ff=9JffS4:_Apffhp;t2ffffpy=ff@xffo?:ffffa10x!*ff5ff<AJffQB_ApfffmgCt2ffziDffEffwXF@xffG:fffffsOLͫ}4xa11x!*ff'>H5ff>IJffQ13J_ApffeKt2ff{cLffMffSN@xffO:ffffa12x!*ff'>P5ff<QJffQR_Apfff8St2ffzTffUff=V@xff7W:fffffsOLͫ}5xa13x!*ff(?X5ffdff%eff0=f@xffSg:fffffsOLͫ}6xa15x!*ff(?h5ff>9iJffQQj_Apfffkt2ff{*lff^mffn@xffo:ffffa16x!*ff(?p5ff=UqJffR[r_Apfffst2ff{tff7uff@xffw:fffffsOLͫ}7xa17x!**ff(x5*ff=8yJ*ffRz_Ap*ffg.{t2*ff|F|*ff>}*ff@x*ffӌ:*ffff !*ff&u?}85ff;5}9JffOë}A_Apffd}Bt2ffytG}Cff4 }Dff˫}E@xff}F:ff kenhebriskCtaqntramprosttou.Kaidenmpo- roseUUnakqnecitpota.W*e'concludewiththefollowingremark:IpGeoplewritingn{french,czech,turkishn{orotherlanguageswithQmanydiacriticalmarkscomplainthatthereisnoMspaceleftinComputerMoGderntoincorporatealready-accentedletters.qThesolution(inthecaseof8NF*rench)thatDGesarmenien^7 propGosed, was8NtoreplaceadgreekuppGercaselettersbythefrenchGGe,]Ke,^Ge, ^o,^q,^a,)^u,a,)u. pJButthenthequestionis:whereV/toputthegreekuppGercaseletters,Vfwhicharenecessaryaformathematicalformulas.NvW*eanswer:havethegreekrgrfamilyoffonts,]youalreadyhave+allkindsofgreekuppGercaseletters.:HJusttakethemfromthere! :eOfcourse,SmathfamiliesmustbGerestructuredinthatcasesincemathfamily7cannotjbGeusedforthoselettersanymore. AsGariepy^8 pGointedoutalready*,́theinconveniencewiththissolutionisthatforeverylanguagewithaccentsyouwillneedanothercmfamilyoffonts.That'swhywestillbGelievethatthebGestonceandfor^allsolutionwouldbGetobeabletoworkwithfontsUUof256characters.Impro9vementsU>andc9hanges{version1.1(asofU>Marc9h4,1990)(byUUthe rstauthor)AnhyphenationlisthasbGeenadded.Greekgram- marhaschangedveryofteninthelast20years,preliminaryUUdraft,30May19906:40preliminarydraft,30May19906:40mainly$bGecausegreekisaverymanifoldlanguage (somecpGeople nditchaotic,Ic nditb}'eautiful).IWQfollowedWthehyphenationrulesof^2 +aspresentedin-section\Onhyphenation"ofthispapGer.Theseruleskrareverysimpleandholdaswellforthemulti-accentasfortheone-accentsystem.#Ifoundexactly4"1168patterns;manyofthemcamesimplyfromϣthefollowingfact:.since',~,>,VExXwillknowwhichGonetochoGose,dependingGonthefontyouarelusing(insidegreekmode).Ifyouaddsomenewstyle (forexampletypGewriterorsans-serif)1)pleaseletxmeknow,2)addthesefourlettersinrgrsc,3)addUUtheinformationingreekmacros.tex.Therebcis\smallDigammaforthesmallcapitaldigammaJ`.QSomepGeoplestillpersistincallingit\ef ".qAlsoUUtherearetwoUUnewsymbGols:1)ϑfollowinganadviceofmyfather,!IraddedavqariationI\oflowercaseIqoppa.mThissymbGolisusedinourdaysforthenumeral90(thecurrentyearis&a^\).qTheUUmacrofor\is\varqoppa.2)afunny\upside-down"iotawithcircum exV6(the6macrois\inviota).ThissymbGolwasusedinthelastcenturyforthesoundofiingi(cf.\piC"inhyphenationruleF3).wHereisanexampleofUUsuchatext,takenfroma1907edition^9|s: Kfairocf$rneYitalqana,kairoctaparapolVa,MOetonkairokaitodefndrikneYikarpokaiflla.^33A"inte,`r$,mVakfopanVasnn \_atanqulop ta,NapV| cthnGkClfwjrreuec?DOene\inmfallVatag$neVa.J$lgppoYmofnhkihtogrhgorwsnh.J$leYilfagopat mfata,lloVcgeVasfneYi.X$reYictmfagarCplashpoe\inai| gunakec? _$FZromSpyridonPeresiadis's"IGolfo"FinallyF>IEinsertedthelogos[and inthergrscfont(themacrosare^1006wApreliminaryU>draft,30May19906:40TUGbGoat,V*olume0(2001),No.0\grMFandtheusual\MF).ThereisstillnoP*AS- CAL wordproGcessorprogramtodetectmonosyl-labGes,volunteers_arewelcome. ThisupgradinghasbGeen^doneonaMacintoshSE/30usingAndrewT*revorrow'sOzTU>VExXwandVictorOstromoukhov'sMac .References1.8S.Levi:UsingU>GreekF*ontswithTU>VExX cy,8TUGbGoat,U>9(1988)20{242.8M.Triantafullidh:NeoellUThnik U>Grammqatik ,8OrgaqnismCcU>'EkdoshcSqoliknBiblwn,8Aj naU>19823.8Q.Mhqiwth:NetatoqnU>LexikCnt c8NeoellUThnik cU>Glsshc,>EkdCsecicKqastala,8>Aj naiU>19724.8C.B.Boyer:AU>HistoryofMathematics,J.8WileyU>&Sons,NewY*ork19685.8H.Gewrgiou:GelCqklamn,U>SecirKupriak c8La"rik cU>Pohshcpaideac4,8LeukwsaU>19806.8UnixU>TU>VExXdistributiontapGe,Seattle19887.8J.Dg*esarmg*enien:HowU>torunTU>VExXinaF*rench8environment:hyphenation,U>fonts,typGography*,8TUGbGoat,U>5(1984)91{1028.8A.Gariepy:F*renchU>inTU>VExX cy,TUGbGoat,98(1988)U>65{699.8S.Peresiadhc:GkClfw.Drmqa8edullqiak##onU>ecprxecicp$nte,>EkdotikD#ocO\rikoc8GewrgoquU>F$xh,>Aj nai1907s: cmsy9Do cmr9Y:annis>Haralam9bAous DU.F.R.>deMathXematiquesDUniv9ersitXe>deLille{Flandres{ArtoisD59655>Villeneuv9ed'AscqCedex,PF:ranceDBitnet:ߤN cmtt9yannis@frcitl81:DKlaus>Th9ullDF:reie>Univ9ersit`atBerlinDUsenet:thull@fubinf.uucppreliminaryU>draft,30May19906:40preliminarydraft,30May19906:40; ? mrgrbf10>p mrgrsl10=p mrgrrg10<`< rgrsc10:! rgrbf109Q0 rgrsl108Q0 rgrrg107Q0 rgrrg106> mcyr10+- cmcsc10$': cmti10!p0J cmsl10ߤN cmtt9 cmmi10ٓRcmr7o cmr9K`y cmr10צ